Basic structure of lead-acid battery
Source：The unknownThe unknownTime：2020-02-05
The positive and negative plates
●The plates of lead-acid batteries can be divided into four categories according to the structure and the formation method of active substances: paste plate, tube plate, formed plate, semi-formed plate.
●Coated plate (coated plate) consists of a plate grid and an active substance.
●The function of the grid is to support the active material and conduct the current, so that the current distribution is even.
●The grid material is generally lead-antimony alloy, maintenance-free batteries are lead-calcium alloy.
●The main component of positive active material is lead dioxide, while the main component of negative active material is velvet lead.
partition
●Battery separator is made of microporous rubber, pigment glass fiber and other materials, its main functions are:
■Prevent short circuit of positive and negative plates.
■The positive and negative ions in the electrolyte pass through smoothly.
■Stop the active material falling off the positive and negative plate and prevent the plate from being damaged by vibration.
●Therefore, it is required that the separator should have high porosity, small aperture, acid resistance, not secreting harmful impurities, a certain strength, small resistance in the electrolyte, with the characteristics of chemical stability.
The electrolyte
●Electrolyte is an important part of battery '> battery, which can conduct current and participate in electrochemical reaction.
●The electrolyte is composed of concentrated sulfuric acid and purified water (ionized water).
●The electrolyte density of automotive lead-acid batteries is 1.280±0.005g/cm3(25℃) of dilute sulfuric acid.
Battery case and cover
●The battery case and cover are containers for positive and negative plates and electrolytes, generally made of plastic and rubber materials.
Vent plug
●Generally made of plastic material, the battery has a sealing effect, prevent air from entering, prevent plate oxidation. At the same time, the gas generated in the battery during charging can be discharged from the battery to avoid the danger generated by the battery.
●Before use: the blind hole on the exhaust bolt must be punctured with iron wire to ensure smooth gas overflow.
Other:
In addition to the battery components, chain, pole, saddle, liquid level indicator and other components.
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